Prostatitis: symptoms, treatment

Prostatitis is an inflammatory disease of the male prostate gland located directly under the bladder and is a secondary part of the genitals.

Every 7 man over the age of 35 suffers from prostatitis and with any naked risk of developing an inflammatory process in the prostate increases under the influence of external and internal factors.

Reasons

The inflammation of the prostate gland can develop for various reasons, the doctors distinguish the main one:

1. Violation of blood microcirculation in the pelvic organs: this leads to stagnant processes and helps to increase the size of the prostate gland. The stagnant processes are facilitated by obesity and conduct of a sedentary sedentary lifestyle.
2. The entry of bacteria, viruses or protozoa in the tissue against the background of an acute or chronic inflammatory process in other organs that flows in the body - diseases such as angina, gonorrhea, urethritis, cystitis, influence, pyelonefritis can cause prostatitis. The causal agents of infection can enter the prostate with a bloodstream and a lymph if an infection occurs in remote areas and organs.
3. The lesions and bruises of the soft tissues of the abdomen, perineum and external genitalia - this leads to the edema and the circulation of the blood compromised in the damage area;
4. Hypothermia of the body.
5. Chronic constipation.
6. Hormonal disorders.
7. Stormy or, on the contrary, absent sexual life is harmful, both frequent sex (more than 1 time a day), and rare intimate relationships (less often 1 time a week), since this leads to the exhaustion of the sexual glands or to the stagnation in the prostate.

Symptoms of prostatitis

Distinguish between the acute and chronic form of the disease.

Acute prostatitis is characterized by a sudden start against the background of general well -being, which is clinically accompanied by the following symptoms:

• chills and weakness;
• general malaise;
• increase in irritability and nervousness;
• increase body temperature (not exceeding 37, 5 degrees);
• Shot or cut of pains in the lower abdomen and in the perineum;
• frequent impulse to urinate while the feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder is preserved;
• The pain and difficulties of the river with intestinal movements.

In the absence of diagnosis and timely treatment, acute prostatitis can be complicated by a purulent process and the release of PU by the urethra during urination.

Signs of chronic prostatitis

In the transition of the disease into a chronic form of the course, the clinical signs of prostatitis are reduced and the patient seems to be a recovery. The characteristics of the characteristics of the chronic inflammatory process in the prostate gland are burning along the urethra with irradiation to the horse, which can be improved during urination and defecation. Gradually, the disease progresses and causes impotence. Chronic prostatitis implies periods of remission and exacerbation, but also in moments of exacerbation, the symptoms will be canceled, not pronounced as in an acute form. The following symptoms appear clinically:

• difficulty with an erection;
• the inability to complete sexual intercourse with ejaculation;
• decrease in sexual desire;
• excretion from the urethra mucus with a mixture of white flakes;
• a sense of incomplete emptying of the bladder;
• Pull pain in the lower back, pubis and gangs;
• A weak flow of urine - this is observed following the narrowing of the lumen of the urethra against the background of its compression of an extended prostate.

The slow chronic inflammatory process in the urethra is irritating for the nerve endings of the pelvis and causes constant urination, especially at night. Many men are embarrassed to see a doctor with such a delicate problem, which increases the risk of developing serious complications such as complete erectile dysfunction, infertility and even prostate cancer.

In addition, from the focus of a chronic infection in a prostate with a blood flow and lymph, the pathogens enter the kidneys, causing acute inflammation, urinary retention and increases the risk of renal failure.

The constant accumulation of urine in the bladder and in the urethra creates favorable conditions for the formation of salts crystals and then stones - very often prostatitis in men proceeds in parallel with urolitiasis.

Diagnostic methods

The diagnosis, treatment and prevention of prostatitis are made by a medical urologist. To make a diagnosis, determine the shape and cause of the inflammatory process in the prostate gland, numerous exams are prescribed:

• Palpation of the prostate - is carried out through the rectum and allows to detect an increase in size, pain, release of pus or mucus after palpation;
• Small unloading from the urethra - the resulting material is sent to study the laboratory;
• Urine analysis is general, etc. ;
• Ultrasound of the pelvic organs and the prostate gland.

If the pathological process is suspected of spreading the pathological process to the patient, the patient is also carried out by cystoscopy - examination of the bladder walls using a flexible device equipped with a optical system at the end.

In the diagnosis of prostatitis, it is very important to differentiate the pathological process from the prostate adenoma and other urological diseases with a similar clinical course.

Treatment

The treatment of the acute and chronic form of prostatitis differs, therefore patients are strongly recommended to be not a car -medical.

The acute non -kissing prostatitis form is treated completely using preparations based on herbs and anti -inflammatory drugs.

Treatment of acute bacterial prostatitis

The principles of the therapy for the acute form of bacterial prostatitis depend directly on how pronounced the symptoms of the disease.

A distinctive feature of bacterial prostatitis is the acute beginning and the rapidly increased signs of the body's intoxication: nausea, vomiting, headache, high body temperature. The process of emptying the bladder is accompanied by the cutting of the pains in the lower abdomen and in the perineum, which are administered to the lower back. Very often the purulent process unites and develops the abscess.

The treatment of acute bacterial prostatitis is carried out in the hospital, since the patient's conditions can be extremely serious. Therapy consists in the complex approach:

• The patient must observe the rest in bed;
• Antibiotics are prescribed: macrolides, fluorochinoloni, cephalosporins;
• Preparations are selected that improve blood microcirculation in the pelvic organs. They provide the outflow of lymph and venous blood, which reduces the severity of the Edema and the inflammatory process in the prostate;
• Inside orally, non -steering anti -inflammatory drugs are shown. These drugs not only reduce the inflammatory process, but also eliminate pain syndrome;
• Analgesics: it is possible to take tablets inside or introduce rectal candles in the rectum;
• To eliminate body intoxication, a physiological sodium solution with glucose is prescribed intravenously.

Important! Prostate massage is severely prohibited, since the risk of sepsis is high.

Surgical treatment

The surgery for prostatitis is required only if the patient develops a strong delay in the urine and there is no way to empty the bladder. You cannot do without surgery and in case of abscess of the prostate gland.

The course of prostatitis treatment lasts 14 days, after which the patient again leads a global examination to evaluate the effectiveness of the therapy. If necessary, the course of treatment is extended and regulated.

Chronic treatment

The treatment of chronic prostatitis differs and depends largely on the course stadium is the pathological process. In case of exacerbation of the inflammatory process, the therapy is carried out similarly, as in acute prostatitis.

The treatment of chronic prostatitis during remission is as follows:

1. The intake of the non -pounded anti -inflammatory drug course. It has drugs 2 times a day of at least 3 days, sometimes up to 5 days.
2. Preparations that contribute to the improvement of venous and lymphatic outflow.
3. Immunomodulators.
4. Antidepressants and sedatives help to normalize sleep, eliminate irritability.
5. Polivitamine complexes rich in zinc, selenium, vitamins of group V.

In the phase of the remission of the inflammatory prostate process, the patient is shown a physiotherapy treatment:

• prostate massage;
• ultrasound;
• electrophoresis;
• magnetotherapy;
• microwave hyperthermia.

Surgical treatment of chronic prostatitis

With neglected chronic prostatitis, the patient sometimes needs surgery. It can be performed in two ways:

• transureral resection;
• prostatectomy.

Transurereral resection

This method of surgical treatment refers to minimally invasive interventions, although it is performed under general anesthesia. During the procedure, a resetoscope under the urethra is introduced, through which electric current impulses are provided. These electrical impulses act on the beginning of an electrical noise and partially remove the fabric of the prostate gland. An enormous advantage of this method of intervention is the lack of blood loss, since electric waves not only remove the modified tissues of the prostate, but they also immediately treat blood vessels, preventing bleeding.

The transureral resection significantly facilitates the patient's condition: after surgery, urination is restored, the man no longer burns in the horse, does not jump in the night bath. Erectile function and normal ejaculation are also restored. The entire process of the operation is controlled by a doctor on the monitor screen, therefore the risk of complications during the operations or immediately after it is minimal.

Prostatectomy

Prostatectomy is a serious abdominal operation and is always associated with the patient's risks. During the operation, the doctor completely removes the prostate gland or most. The recovery period is 4-6 weeks, there is a high risk of developing postoperative complications, but sometimes this method of surgery is the only way to relieve the patient's conditions and eliminate the consequences of the serious course of prostatitis.

Other methods of treatment of chronic prostatitis

Other methods for the treatment of a chronic form of prostatitis include:

1. HIRUDOTHERAPY - OR TREATMENT WITH SERVE. Medical leeches are installed in the inflammation area, which in the process of their actions is released with the substance of the saliva that puts blood in order, which eliminates stagnant phenomena and quickly relieves the inflammatory process. Skirts are used only special, medical, individual for each individual patient. After the procedure, the doctor puts the leech used in a destiner in which he dies. It is optimal to pass at least 5 Hirudotherapy courses.
2. CIROLDES - Liquid nitrogen is used. This method of treatment is shown to patients who are scarcely lent to drug therapy and the operation is contraindicated for some reason.
3. Microwave therapy in a special way: electromagnetic waves influence the prostate gland. After 1 procedure, tissue edema decreases, blood circulation is normalized and stagnation is eliminated. After conducting the course of electromagnetic therapy, the patient completely restores urination and erectile function.
4. Treatment with ultrasound waves: allows you to quickly stop the inflammatory process that occurs in the remission phase and ultrasound therapy is not performed during the exacerbation. To improve the therapeutic effect, drugs can also be used, which, under the influence of ultrasounds, penetrate directly into the prostate tissue.
5. URTRA steering - The essence of the procedure is to install a special stent in the urethra, which expands the lumen of the urethra and promotes normal urinary outflow. Despite the effectiveness of the procedure, the steering of the urethra eliminates only the clinical symptoms of prostatitis, but does not save the patient from the chronic inflammatory process.

Consequences and complications

In the absence of qualified therapy, prostatitis advances rapidly, enters the chronic form of the current and threatens the health of a man with his serious complications, including:

• urolithiasis;
• Pyelonefrite;
• development of the abscess;
• the diffusion of the inflammatory process with testicles and seed ropes, which leads to infertility;
• dysfunction and erectile and impotence;
• Necrotic changes in the fabrics of the prostate gland.

Sometimes for a long time prostatitis and chronic stagnant processes make an impetus to the degeneration of the disease in adenoma and therefore to prostate cancer.